Matthew Edward Bennett Bennett

Antecdentes: La Comunitat WISE és una xarxa europea de treball format per institucions de l’ecosistema de salut: institucions de recerca, hospitals i organismes públics que inclou a Espanya, Portugal, Itàlia, Alemanya i Polònia. El seu compromís bàsic és promoure la perspectiva interseccional en la recerca en salut per abordar el complex món de les desigualtats socials en salut. Per aconseguir un canvi transformador, s’ha plantejat la necessitat d’anar més enllà dels conceptes bàsics i comprendre les barreres pràctiques, explorar el coneixement i l’actitud de les institucions per adoptar un enfocament interseccional en la recerca en salut.
Objectiu principal: Identificar els coneixements existents sobre interseccionalitat, el reptes actuals i les potencialitats futures entre els socis de la comunitat WISE.
Metodologia: Projecte exploratori amb metodologia qualitativa. Es realitzaran tres grups focals (GF) a membres que formen part de la Comunitat WISE. El projecte es portarà a
terme entre gener de 2026 i juliol de 2026. Es farà una estratificació segons llengua: dos en castellà/català i una en anglès amb 2-3 participants per Institució amb formació en estudis de gènere. Els GF es gravaran i transcriviren amb previ consentiment de les persones participants. Les dades s’analitzaran mitjançant anàlisi temàtica reflexiva. Les primeres categories es comentaran i discutiran amb la resta de les persones participants de la Comunitat WISE per consensuar els resultats finals.
Aplicabilitat i Rellevància. Els resultats es presentaran en un informe per la Comunitat WISE amb sugerències i recomanacions finals que es podràn fer servir per donar-li continuitat a la Comunitat i també com orientació a les polítiques de la Comissió de la Unió Europea. Principalmente té aquest tres aspectes més rellevants:
• Donar continuïtat i enfortir la Comunitat com a espai de reflexió i acció.
• Orientar futures línies de recerca i programes de formació interna.
• Informar i influir en el disseny de polítiques i prioritats de la Comissió Europea en matèria de recerca en salut, equitat i justícia social.

Background
Climate change leading to extreme events represent pressing challenges for humanity. Short- term exposure
to ambient air pollution and temperature has been associated with exacerbations of chronic respiratory
diseases, yet significant knowledge gaps remain regarding specific diseases, such as interstitial lung diseases
and bronchiectasis, and potential adaptation strategies to decrease the risk of exacerbations.
Objectives
To investigate the short-term effects of air pollution and temperature, including their co- occurrence, on
chronic respiratory diseases exacerbations and sick leaves in Catalonia; to evaluate potential adaptation
strategies, including the role of inhaled corticosteroids, statins, SGLT-2 inhibitors, and vaccines in modifying
these effects; to incorporate patient perspectives to understand coping mechanisms against climate change
stressors and disease burden.
Methods
Using a well-characterised cohort with detailed environmental exposure data, we will analyze associations
between air pollution and temperature, and chronic respiratory diseases exacerbations, accounting for
hospitalisations, mortality, and sick leaves. We will apply advanced statistical modelling to disentangle
exposure-outcome relationships, assess effect modification, and integrate a qualitative research approach
to capture patient experiences.
Expected results
Identification of environmental triggers of chronic respiratory disease exacerbations, evaluation of
protective effects of pharmacological and behavioural adaptation measures, and generation of evidence to
inform public health policies and clinical guidelines.

«Objetivo: Analizar la incidencia y los factores asociados al diagnóstico de salud mental durante la adolescencia y la juventud durante el período 2008-2022 en Cataluña según perspectiva de género y mediante un proceso de investigación participativa.

Metodología: Proyecto de metodología mixta con cuatro fases. Fase 0: construcción de un «»consejo de jóvenes»» que cumplirá el rol de asesor durante el proyecto. Fase I: estudio de cohorte mediante la base de datos del «»Sistema de Información para el desarrollo de la investigación en Atención Primaria»» (SIDIAP), que contiene la información de las historias clínicas de atención primaria en Cataluña. Se calcularán las incidencias de seis diagnósticos de salud mental en adolescentes y jóvenes (2008-2022), se determinarán los factores asociados al diagnóstico de salud mental y se analizará el manejo de un diagnóstico de salud mental en atención primaria.
Fase II: estudio cualitativo, se realizarán entrevistas a adolescentes y jóvenes con diagnóstico de salud mental, a sus familiares, a profesionales de la salud dedicados a la asistencia a esta población y, se realizará el método fotovoz a adolescentes sin diagnóstico de salud mental conocido. Fase III: se realizará un vídeo sobre los resultados, conclusiones y recomendaciones del estudio cocreado entre equipo investigador y jóvenes.»

Objetivos:
El presente llamado incluye dos revisiones sistemáticas asociadas al tema de la cohesión/capital social y la salud.
1. Una primera revisión sistemática busca Identificar, evaluar y sintetizar la evidencia y el estado del arte con respecto a la relación entre la cohesión/capital social y la salud, así como entre la cohesión/capital social y la inequidades en salud. Teniendo como pregunta de investigación: ¿Cuál es la relación entre cohesión/capital social y salud?
2. Una segunda revisión sistemática que tiene como objetivo identificar, evaluar y sintetizar la evidencia de investigación que examina: 1) las intervenciones y políticas relacionadas con el fomento de la cohesión/capital social en la salud de las personas y grupos sociales (deben incluir el fomento de la cohesión/capital social como objetivo principal o secundario), así como 2) cuáles son las barreras identificadas para el fomento de la cohesión/capital social. Las preguntas de investigación orientadora es: ¿Cuáles son las intervenciones y políticas quefomentan la cohesión/capital social mejorando la salud de la población? y ¿cuáles son las barreras identificadas para el fomento de la cohesión/capital social?

Background: Despite efforts to reduce and prevent excessive weight gain among healthy adults, the worldwide prevalence of obesity continues to increase. The development of overweight and obesity is due to many factors, both individual and contextual, and increases the risk of comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Recent studies have observed associations between various factors of the built environment and the development of overweight and obesity, though specific results have been inconsistent across studies. Additionally, most studies have been cross-sectional and have focused on a single built environment indicator at a time. To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study to assess the association between multiple indicators of the built environment and the development of overweight and obesity in Southern Europe (specifically Catalonia, Spain).
Objective: To evaluate the association between the built environment (measured by population density, green spaces, street connectivity, and facility richness) and the development of adult overweight and obesity in Catalonia, Spain.
Methods: This mega-longitudinal study will use data from the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP), an electronic primary care health record database from Catalonia (Spain), including all adults identified as normal weight between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2016. Adults will be followed until developing overweight or obesity, the end of the study (December 31, 2018), passing away, or transferring out. Overweight will be categorized as having a BMI of ? 25 kg/m2. The urban built environment indicators will be calculated at census tract level and include population density, green spaces, street connectivity, and facility richness. Hazard ratios (HRs) will be calculated using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model to explore the association between the built environment environment and the risk of developing overweight/obesity.

Background:
While obesity is an established risk factor for a number of common cancers,1 the predictive power of BMI (body mass index) and other adiposity indices in cancer risk prediction remains moderate in the general population.2 This suggests that some heterogeneity might exist regarding the increased risk of cancer related to adiposity.
Cancer and other chronic diseases often share common risk factors including adiposity, and tend to co-occur within the same individuals.3 Four in ten patients with cancer have at least one other chronic condition; the most common comorbid conditions include cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type-2 diabetes (T2D).4
One hallmark of obesity is systemic inflammation, a well-described pathway for the development of cancer,5 CVD,6 and T2D.7 Comorbid conditions may modify cancer processes associated with obesity through shared pathways, for example, by synergistically stimulating inflammation, but also through additionally activated pathways or external factors such as disease treatment.
The extent to which a comorbidity might contribute to cancer risk among overweight individuals is unclear.
Obesity has also been linked to poorer survival in cancer patients.8 Similarly, patients diagnosed with cancer who have pre-existing comorbidities such as diabetes are at increased risk for all-cause mortality compared with those without diabetes.9
However, the interplay between obesity and comorbidities on cancer development and survival is uncertain.

Hypothesis and objectives:
Our hypothesis is that the occurrence of a major comorbidity, CVD and/or T2D, prior to cancer modifies associations between obesity and risk of cancer development and cancer mortality.

Specific objectives:
1. To investigate whether incident CVD or T2D modifies the association between obesity and the risk of developing ‘obesity-related’ cancers, and specifically of the colorectum, pancreas, postmenopausal breast, and endometrium;
2. To investigate causal associations of in turn, CVD and T2D, by obesity status with cancers of the colorectum, pancreas, postmenopausal breast, and endometrium using Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches;
3. To investigate the role of obesity in cancer progression in relation to pre-existing comorbidities.

Settings and methods:
We will use individual-level data from large cohorts in Europe and Asia, complemented with a population-based primary care database and data from genetic consortia. Requirements include the availability of incident data on CVD and/or T2D. Treatment data for comorbidities and cancer will also be incorporated.
For risk of cancers, we will use survival models with age as the main time scale, time-varying variables for incident CVD/T2D, and an interaction with obesity (BMI).
Among cancer patients, survival models with time since diagnosis of cancer as the main time scale will be used with interactions between obesity and the presence of comorbidities prior to cancer.
Cancer risks will be related to obesity in the presence/absence of comorbidity in objective 1, while for objective 2, we will compare cancer risk related to comorbidity (using MR and GWAS data for susceptibility to CVD/T2D and related traits) in the presence/absence of obesity. The evaluation will address the question whether obesity and comorbidities interact in relation to cancer risk.

Impact:
This project could identify important pathways/modifiers of cancer risk among overweight individuals and lead to a more stratified approach to preventive or management strategies.